Everything about Kara Or E Petrovi totally explained
Karađorđe Petrović (
Serbian Cyrillic: Карађорђе Петровић;
Anglicised:
Karageorge Petrovitch Turkish: Kara Yorgi), (
November 3,
1768? –
July 24,
1817) was the leader of the
First Serbian Uprising against the
Ottoman Empire, and the founder of the
Serbian
House of Karađorđević. He was born as Đorđe (George) Petrović, and is of
Montegerin Serbian origin (
Vasojevići tribe). Because of his dark complexion, according to some, or because of the troubles he caused to the Turks, according to the others, he was nicknamed "
Black George",
kara meaning black in
Turkish, in Serbian:
Crni Đorđe.
Early life
Karađorđe was born in the village of
Viševac,
Ottoman Empire (today's Central
Serbia), and in his youth he was a cattle-keeper. In
1787, Karađorđe and his family escaped to
Syrmia, to avoid the
Turkish kidnappings of
Serbian boys ("
blood tax"). Karađorđe lived and worked in the
Krušedol monastery. At the end of the same year he fought in the failed
Austro-Hungarian attack on
Belgrade. During the
Austria-Hungarian war he fought in Southern Serbia, which is where he got the military experience that he later put to use during the
First Serbian Uprising.
First Serbian Uprising
Ottoman repression in Serbia significantly increased in the beginning of
19th century when
janissary leaders, the
dahis, rebelled against the
Sultan and seized the rule of the Belgrade Pashaluk. It culminated in January
1804, when
dahis prepared executions of popular leaders, gentry, priests, former rebels and wealthy traders, called the
Execution of the Dukes (
Seča knezova in Serbian). Being notified of the ongoing executions last minute, Karađorđe escaped execution by ambushing the assassins with his men and killing them all.
As the response to the executions, Serbs rallied in
Orašac on
14 February 1804 (
2 February on the
Julian calendar), and Karađorđe was chosen to be the leader of the uprising. The rebels managed to quickly incite revolt, firstly under the pretext of liberation from
dahis, but after the
Battle of Ivankovac in
1805 they started open combat to end the rule of the Ottoman
Sultan. In
March of the same year Karađorđe was officially appointed Military leader of
Serbia, the self-proclaimed
Vožd.
Karađorđe insisted that the
dahis leave
Belgrade, and in achieving this he abolished
Feudalism in the liberated areas of
Serbia and installed his military commanders and local leaders as governors of
nahis (Turkish administrative units). (The
dahis, however, refused to leave and were captured and executed after the Serbian liberation of
Belgrade.) The
Ottoman government did welcome the rebellion against the
dahis and decided to install a new governor in Belgrade. Karađorđe and the Serbs, after tasting the fruits of liberty decided to not let the new
pasha enter the liberated area and defeated his army in the
Battle of Ivankovac of
1805. This battle signified a turn of events, since the uprising wasn't a rebellion against the
dahi terror anymore, but a war of liberation against the Ottoman rule. The rebels achieved several victories, including in the
Battle of Mišar in 1806, and the
Battles of Deligrad and Belgrade in
1806. At the end of
1806 Belgrade was freed from Ottoman rule. In
1807 Šabac and
Užice were also freed. After this both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty. However, In the same year Karađorđe aligned with the
Russian Empire in a war against the
Ottoman Empire, in spite of this the
war continued.
In
1812, threatened by
Napoleon's
French Empire, Russia had to quickly sign a peace treaty with the Ottomans. In
1813, the Ottoman Empire launched a big assault on Serbia taking land all up to the rivers
Morava and the
river Drina, and Karađorđe, along with other rebel leaders, fled to the
Austrian Empire on
21 September 1813.
Exile
After some time, Karađorđe moved on to
Bessarabia, where he encountered members of the
Filiki Eteria, a
Greek secret society which planned the liberation of all
Christians from the Ottomans.
Serbia,
Greece and
Bulgaria decided to unite to fight off
Ottoman rule. Karađorđe was chosen as the leader of this uprising.
Death and aftermath
On
24 July 1817, days after he secretly crossed into Serbia to try and spearhead a new uprising, Karađorđe was assassinated in
Radovanjski Lug by the men of
Miloš Obrenović,
Vujica Vulićević and
Nikola Novaković.
This happened on orders of the
Ottomans, who feared the possibility of a new uprising, while Miloš feared competition by the enormously popular Karađorđe.
Some have speculated that Karađorđe had no political ambitions and simply wanted to return home from the exile and informed Miloš of this in advance, who however didn't believe such protestations and had Karađorđe killed.
The assassination sowed seeds of hatred between the rival dynasties
Obrenovic and
Karađorđević, which would last until the demise of the former family in 1903.
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